Naloxone Hydrochloride
| Grade | Pharmaceutical |
| Pharmacopoeia | BP, USP |
| CAS No. | 51481-60-8 |
| Product Name | Naloxone Hydrochloride |
| Chemical Name | 4,5α-Epoxy-3,14-dihydroxy-17-(prop-2-enyl)morphinan-6-one hydrochloride dihydrate |
| Function | Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) |
| Industrial Application | Pharmaceutical |
| Category | Opioid overdose antidote |
General Description
Naloxone is an FDA-approved medicine used to quickly reverse an opioid overdose. It is an opioid antagonist used in opioid use disorder. Naloxone works by blocking the opioid receptors and thereby reverses and blocks the effects of other opioids. It should be used as soon as possible to treat a known or suspected overdose. Naloxone is a synthetic cogener of oxymorphone.
Physical Characteristics
| Molecular formula | C₁₉H₂₂ClNO₄·2H₂O |
| Molecular weight | 399.9 |
| Appearance | White or almost white, hygroscopic, crystalline powder |
| Solubility | Freely soluble in water, soluble in ethanol (96%), practically insoluble in toluene |
| Water | 7.5% to 11.0% |
| Specific optical rotation | -181 to -170 (anhydrous substance) |
| Sulfated ash | Maximum 0.2% |
| Content of chloride | 9.54%–9.94% (on dried basis) |
| Purity | Minimum 99.2% |
| Assay | 98.0% to 102.0% (anhydrous substance) |
| Storage | In an airtight container, protected from light |
| Stability | Stable at least 2 years at room temperature |